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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 

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! UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 





























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































WORDS, 


TIIEIIl 


SPELLING, CHOICE mid PRONUNCIATION 


Designed to Aid One 
in THE 

Use of His Language by Correcting Ills 
Spelling, Enriching His Vocabulary 
and by Leading to Correct 
Pronunciation of the 
Common Words Frequently Misspelled. 




'j 


By F. E. PLUMMER, 


DES MOINES, IOWA, HIGH SCHOOL. 


/ 


/ 


y 


CHICAGO: 

A. FLANAGAN, PUBLISHER, 
1888. 






i 


Copyright, 1888 , by A. Flanagan 







A WORD IN OPENING. 


To spell is difficult. All desire and should be 
able to spell well. To be able to spell, pronounce, 
capitalize, and punctuate correctly are accom¬ 
plishments of which one may well be proud, since 
the manner in which one does these is the criti¬ 
cal, crucial test of culture. We are to look upon 
spelling as an art, not that we may use, but that 
we must use, and it is a commendable ambition 
f o desire to use it well. 

The necessity of accurate spelling has given 
rise to the conception of the idea contained in 
this book. We have no need to know how to 
spell words save those we use We have im¬ 
portant and imperative need to know how to spell 
words which we do use, while the spelling of the 
thousands of words which we may not use is of 
secondary importance to us and to learn to spell 
such words may safely and fittingly be left till 
the last. The words and expressions which make 
up and characterize the minister’s vocabulary 
should be at his ready command as to spelling, 
choice, and pronunciation; the same is true of 
the law} r er and his vocabulary; of the scien¬ 
tist and the particular words he uses; and of 
the author and his chosen “wings of thought.” 



4 


WORDS. 


Ancl so it is through the whole range of callings. 
To learn to spell words in common use and of 
one s own vocabulary that are liable to be mis¬ 
spelled, is a task sufficiently difficult. We are 
poor spellers to-day because the years devoted 
to the stud}' of spelling were wasted in a vain 
attempt to master all the words in the English 
language. Could the student’s time and energy, 
spent in learning how to spell, be concentrated 
upon the words of his vocabulary only, then he 
could spell well. Not only that: the words thus 
studied and contemplated would have been bet¬ 
ter comprehended and he would have greater 
freedom in their use. 

Spelling is of practical use only in writing. 
The words of the writer’s vocabulary are the 
words he will ever be called upon to spell. These 
are not so numerous but that, following a definite 
plan, he may master them. 

This little work presents three practical ideas, 
namely : 

First —In Part I., a simple plan by following 
which one may become an accurate speller. 

Second, —in Part II., a simple, easy device by 
means of which one may enrich his treasury 
of expression. 

Third. —in Part III., an expedient which, if 
pursued, will tend to correct the inaccura¬ 
cies of one’s pronunciation. 


WORDS. 


5 


This book is not designed as a school text¬ 
book merely, although it is of great service to 
the pupil of any grade or school, affording a con¬ 
venient receptacle for the missed words of his 
regular daily spelling lessons; it being a plain 
principle in teaching spelling that all pupils 
should be required to keep lists of the words 
they misspell, since those are the very words 
that should engage their attention and study. 
Teachers, earnestly desiring to improve the 
speech of their pupils, will scarcely fail to find 
this little work an invaluable aid in many ways. 
One means of benefit, which may not appear at 
first thought, arises, incidentally, from the use of 
Part II. The pupil or person is lead to note with 
developing powers of discrimination the finer and 
choicer expressions of author and orator while 
on the alert for gems to make his own. 

But the book is especially helpful to all who 
are intent upon self-education. It is also intend¬ 
ed to benefit those who are beyond the help of 
teacher and spelling-book ; to benefit the count¬ 
less numbers who, almost hourly, are humiliated 
by some scarcely excusable error in their mode 
of expression. It was prepared for those, 
whether they be in school or out, who wish to 
fix definite, correct habits of spelling, and for 
those who, from deficiency of education, or care¬ 
lessness of manner, are in the habit of misusing 
the language. 


6 


WORDS. 


The exceedingly- low price of this book will 
enable all who are making the laudable effort to 
perfect their speech in the three essentials— 
spelling, choice of words, and pronunciation, to 
partake of the experience of the author, and the 
time consumed in the effort will scarcely be 
missed, while the wealth of returns, for the tri¬ 
fling expenditure of money and time, will be in¬ 
calculable in the greater accurary and richness 
of speech thus acquired. 

To all who believe that they should devote a 
little time and attention to their powers of ex¬ 
pression—to pupils, teachers, laborers, authors, 
doctors, farmers, business men, ministers, law¬ 
yers, typewriters, stenographers,—to all of what¬ 
soever rank or occupation, this little treatise is 
respectfully submitted, with the hope that it may 
give them the ability to spell correctly, and 
increase materially, the number and choice of 
words at their command. f. e. p. 


INSTRUCTIONS AS TO USE. 


Concerning Words Troublesome to Spell. 

RULE I. 

At any time, as when writing, a word you de¬ 
sire to use gives 3*011 trouble, look up its proper 
spelling and then carefully copy it, alphabeti¬ 
cally, in this book, Part I., and make yourself 
familiar with the lists thus collected. 

Concerning Words to be introduced 
into Vocabulary. 

RULE II. 

At any time, as when reading, }*ou meet with 
a'word that }*ou do not use and with which 3*011 
especially desire to enrich your vocabulary, care¬ 
fully copy it, alphabetically, in this book, Part 
II., and make 3*ourself familiar with the lists 
thus collected. 

Concerning Words Frequently 
Mispronounced. 

RULE III. 

At an}* time when }*ou feel in doubt concern¬ 
ing the correct pronunciation of a word ascertain 
its orthoep}' and carefully cop)* it, properly syl¬ 
labified, accentuated, and marked, in this book, 
Part III., and make yourself familiar with the 
lists thus collected. 



WORDS TROUBLESOME TO SPELL. 


Rule I.—At any time, as when when writing, a 
word you desire to use gives trouble, look up its 
proper spelling and then carefully copy it, alpha¬ 
betically, in this book, and make yourself familiar 
with the lists thus collected. 




Words Troublesome to Spell. 

















IU 


10 Words Troublesome to Spell. 




















Words 






11 




13 

. 































Words Troublesome to 




















Spell. 







13 



Words Troublesome to Spell. 

B 


\ 

* A 


4 





















r 










Words Troublesome to Spell. 


15 


c 


16 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 

c 




Words Troublesome to Spell. 17 





Words Troublesome to Spell 















19 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 

i) 


»• 




E 











20 Words Troublesome to Spell, 

e 



* 


Words Troublesome to Spell 


21 


E 





















09 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 



F 
































































































































































































































































































































Words Troublesome to Spell. 


Y 


23 






























































r 






























































fS'l - 

- 

®Bll- witSl 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 

-*■ 

G 





25 














































































• * 















2G 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 


h 


Words Troublesome 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 















Words 


Troublesome to Spell. 






♦ 

































































K 

























































































Words Troublesome to Spell. 


L, 




31 


32 




Words Troublesome 


to Spell. 




Words Troublesome to Spell, 
m 


33 







34 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 


m 






Words Troublesome to Spell 


35 


o 





\. 

































Words Troublesome to Spell. 37 

1 " 











































38 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 

p 


Words Troublesome to Sr 









ELL. 


39 

















































































































































40 









Words Troublesome to Spell. 

h 








































































































































Words Troublesome to Spell. 




41 


*• 













m ; ■ * 








* 








































































































HLK t WF - 






































He ns • 










Words Troublesome to Spell. 






s 






















































































- 


























































































Words Troublesome to Spell. 


43 


s 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 



Words Troublesome 


T 


























Words Troublesome to Spell. 


47 


U 











. 

























Words Troublesome to Spell. 


Words Troublesome to Spell. 

w 


X and Y 


PART II. 


WORDS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO 
VOCABULARY, 


Rule II.—At any time, as when reading, you 
meet with a word that you do not use and with 
which you especially desire to enrich your vocabu¬ 
lary, carefully copy it, alphabetically, in this book, 
and make yourself familiar with the lists thus col¬ 
lected. 












Words to be Introduced 
























































Into Vocabulary. 
















Into Vocabulary. 


e 




* 













Words to be Introduced 




L) 









































































































































Words to 


be Introduced 


E 








* 





















































Into Vocabulary. 59 

F 












i 































Into Vocabulary. 

i 


61 






















* 

































' • 
















































































* 

























* 









Words to be Introduced 



j 








* 





i. 

















Into Vocabulary. 

L 




































































r 








































Words to be Introduced 

M 






























66 









Words to be Intrude 
















































— 







































































































































































































* 













Words to be Introduced 


68 




R 











































































































































70 


Words to be Introduced 


Into Vocabulary. 


71 


T 


Words to be Introduced 


Into Vocabulary. 73 


v 


* 


w 


X and Y 


PART III. 

WORDS FREQUENTLY MISPRONOUNCED 


Rule III.—At any time when you are 
concerning the correct pronunciation of 
ascertain its orthoepy and carefully copy 
erly syllabified, accentuated, and marked 
book, and make yourself familiar with 
thus collected. 


in doubt 
a word, 
it, prop- 
, in this 
the lists 







Words Frequently Mispronounced. 


























Words Frequently Mispronounced. 






79 






D 

















































































































































‘ v ■ 














80 


Words Frequently Mispronounced. 

E 


ords Frequently Mispronounced. 







Words Frequently Mispronounced. 


ii 


83 









v 


I 



J 


















84 


Wokds Frequently Mispronounced. 

It 





























































































86 Words Frequently Mispronounced. 

M 


X 








Words Frequently Mispronounced. 


Words Frequently Mispronounced, 
p 


Q 


89 


R 


90 Words Frequently Mispronounced. 











Words Frequently Mispronounced. 






94 Words Frequently Mispronounced. 


95 


Words Frequently Mispronounced. 

v 


# 4 


96 Words Frequently Mispronounced. 

w 


X and V 


APPENDIX. 


A Literary and Business Man’s “Klt o’ 
Tools.” 

One can accomplish all of which he is capable 
only when he brings to his aid the tools most 
suitable in facilitating the consummation of the 
work he has in hand. All of the conditions 
upon which depend success, and, especially pre¬ 
eminence in one’s calling, are not supplied un¬ 
less a wise selection has been made of just such 
implements as will be most serviceable in ac¬ 
complishing the results desired. 

Believing that a proper and complete assort¬ 
ment of tools, with which to work is an essen¬ 
tial factor, that must not be ignored by the 
literary or business man, who is to contest for 
place, power, or patronage, we wish to set forth, 
concisely, a few practical and reliable facts, 
which may enable any one to select more intel¬ 
ligently just those tools, that a literary or busi¬ 
ness man must have to work with in order to 
exercise his talents and powers most advantage¬ 
ously. 

The following list of articles makes up a 
“Kit o’ Tools,” 

that is indispensable to the busy office man, who 
wishes to make the most of his time and efforts. 

This chapter is rendered especially useful 
from the fact, that careful discrimination has 
been exercised in selecting the best articles of 
97 


98 


Appendix. 


their kind manufactured; and, also, from the 
further fact that the address of the manufacturer 
or wholesale dealer is given that the purchaser’s 
local dealer may order the goods without loss of 
time should he not have in stock what is desired. 
This feature of the chapter will be kept accur¬ 
ately revised to date. 

"THE KIT 0’ TOOLS." 

1. Writing Desk. 

2. Chair. 

These are of primary importance. One can 
do but little without a good, convenient 
desk. All stjdes and prices of desks and 
chairs ma} T be secured of A. H. Andrews & 
Co., Chicago. 

3. Study Lamp. 

4. Eye Shade. 

Too great care cannot be taken of the eye. 
The Students’ Lamp is the best for desk 
use. 

5. Fountain Pen. 

With a fountain pen, one is prepared for 
work anywhere and any time. Waterman’s 
“Ideal” Pen gives universal satisfaction. 
Write L. E. Waterman Co., 155 Broadway, 
New York. 

6. Typewriter. . 

This modern invention is of vast present 
importance, and has a still greater future 
before it. It is indispensable in every art, 
trade and profession. With it labors are 
lightened, time economized, and expenses 
reduced. It should be in every office. The 
Remington Standard Typewriter is the 
strongest made and the one that takes the 
the lead in popular favor. 


Appei> dix. 


99 


Address, Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict, 
Chicago, Ills., or, Dahlberg, Irish & Co., Des 
Moines, Iowa, 



7. Letter Press. 

8. Blotter Bath. 

9. Letter Impression Book. 

Every careful business man will keep copies 
of his important letters. Besides being con¬ 
venient they serve as a safeguard. 

Shea, Smith & Co., 222—234 Van Buren St., 
Chicago, Ill. 

10. Cyclostyle. 

Manifold copies of certain papers save time 
and labor. These may be secured readily 
from the Cyclostyle or Edison Mineograph. 
Write Cyclostyle Co., LaSalle St., Chicago, 
for first, and C. A. Sibley, Chicago, for the 
latter. 

11. Letter Scale. 

12. Post Office Box. 

13. Stamp Box. 

14. Letter File. 

15. Letter Opener. 

16. Paper Foldee. 

17. Inkstand. 

18. Sponge Cup 











to l> 


- 100 


Appendix. 


19. 

9 0 . 


Mucilage Cup. 
Sealing Wax. 


1. PaperWeight. 

22. Ink and Pencil Eraser. 

23. Shears. 

24. Punch and Riveter. 

25. Rubber Bands. 

26. Rubber Stamps with Ink and Pads. 

27. Rule. 

28. Ruling Pen. 

29. Drawing Instruments. 


30. Waste Basket. 

These desk supplies are very essential. With 
these articles near, one can work better and 
faster. Stationers’ Sundries of latest im¬ 
provement and modern design are to be had 
of Shea, Smith & Co., 222—234 Van Buren 
St., Chicago, 111. 


31. File Holders. 

Their advantages consist in facility for re¬ 
ference, economy of space and preservation 
of papers from wear and dust. The}' are 
made to use on ordinary shelves, or put up 
in cabinets. Every one should have a set 
of these holders in w T hich to file away let¬ 
ters, pamphlets, etc., compactl}' and conve- 
niently for ready reference. See cut page 
108. Write E. W. Woodruff, Washington, 


32. Indian Clubs, or Dumb-bells. 

More and better literar}' work can be accom¬ 
plished if judicial and regular physical exer¬ 
cise is taken. With the implements named, 
one can take, daily, sufficient exercise to 
preserve the body in a healthy condition. 
A. Gr. Spalding & Bros., Chicago, Ill. 


Appendix. 


101 


33. Library. 

The Library is the literary man’s main de¬ 
pendence. Every cultured person should 
have at his command a well-selected and 
well-known library. The value of this col¬ 
lection does not depend upon the number , 
but upon the choice of books. No mistake 
should be made here. 

I. Bookcase. 

A good bookcase is indispensable. The 
books will be consulted more often if con- 
venientty accessible. Then, too, they should 
be protected as things we love. No one will 
ever regret the sacrifice he makes in order 
to secure a good case for his books. Cases 
of all styles, of pattern and finish can be 
secured from S. A. Maxwell & Co., Chicago. 

II. Books. 

Treasured up in books is the whole intel¬ 
lectual wealth of the world. In books are 
treasures which “increase by being con¬ 
sumed.” By their aid the past becomes 
present , and the future may be anticipated. 
From them more enjoyment is to be had 
than from any other source. 

The following named books should serve 
as a nucleus for a library. Not one book 
should be omitted, but the list can profit¬ 
ably be extended. 

Any book of this list, or all of them, can 
be secured from A. Flanagan, 185 Wabash 
Ave., Chicago, Ill. 

(a) Bible. 

There is a vast amount of satisfaction to be 
had from a Teacher’s Edition, Oxford Bible. 
It is invaluable and indispensable. 




102 


Appendix. 


(b) Dictionary. 



Webster's is tlie standard and best diction¬ 
ary. No home, or office should be without 
an unabridged. It should be the second 
book one buys. 

A Dictionary Holder is of great value as 
it performs, b}’ placing the dictionary more 
conveniently accessible an important func¬ 
tion. The best upon the market is to be 
secured from It. M. Lambie, 38 East 19th 
St., New York. 

(c) Cyclopaedia. 

A Cyclopaedia covers the whole range of 
human knowledge. It embraces and popu¬ 
larizes every, subject. It is instantly and 
constantly ready to furnish precisel}' the 
information wanted. No one has time to 
grope among a hundred different works for 
every fact required. With a Cyclopaedia, 
embracing every important subject, and 
having its topics alphabetical^ arranged, 
not a moment is lost. The matter in ques¬ 
tion is found at once, digested, condensed, 
stripped of all that is irrelevant and unne- 


Appendix. 


103 


cessaiy, and verified by a comparison of the 
best authorities. 

Of all the excellent works of this nature 
published Appleton’s American Cyclopaedia 
is the best.^ It is sold only by subscription 
through their authorized agents. Write 
D. Appleton & Co., New York, or, M. L. 
Leonard, Agent, Des Moines, Iowa. 

(d) Atlas. 

A good Atlas is a useful reference book. 
Cram’s Universal Atlas is an excellent one 
published by Greo. F. Cram, Chicago, Ill. 

(e) U. S. History. 

Every American should have a history of 
his country. Ridpath’s U. S. History, in 
one large volume, is a popular, readable 
work. Lossing’s Cyclopaedia of U. S. His¬ 
tory, in two large volumes, is a peculiarly 
valuable work. Its contents are not arranged 
chronologically, but alphabetically, thus its 
function is that of a labor-saving machine. 

(f) History of the World. 

Ridpath’s Cyclopaedia of Universal History 
is an account of the principal events in the 
career of the human race from the begin¬ 
nings of civilization to the present time. It 
stands without a peer. In composition clas¬ 
sic ; in subject matter comprehensive; in 
delineation picturesque and graphic ; in con¬ 
ception unique and original; in arrange¬ 
ment dramatic; in tone elevating and refin¬ 
ing; in illustrations superb, it is a perfect 
and popular work for the people. It is a 
complete historical library of three volumes 
published b} r the Riverside Publishing Co., 
St. Louis, Mo. It is sold only by subscrip- 


104 


Appendix. 


tion. Address their authorized agent, John 
B. Hatch, I)es Moines, Iowa. 



(g) Dictionary of Dates. 

The best is Hayden’s, published bj* G. P. 
Putnum’s Sons, New York, N. Y. 

(h) Quotations. 

Prose. 

Poetry. 

Allibone’s Quotations of Prose and Poetry, 
one volume of each, is very complete and 
useful. Published by J. B. Lippincott & 
Co., Philadelphia, Penn. 

(i) Synonyms. 

Rogers Thesaurus , a Treasury of English 
Words and Phrases, is the best. It it class¬ 
ified and arranged so as to facilitate the 
expression of ideas and assist in literary 
composition. It should be on every writer’s 
desk. 









































































Appendix. 


105 


(j) American Law. 

Walker’s American Law, in one volume, is 
to American jurisprudence what Black- 
stone’s Commentaries are to the English 
sj’stem. Every citizen should own and read 
this valuable, comprehensive, and system¬ 
atic outline of American Law. 

(k) The Book Lover. 

This little gem of a book is a safe guide to 
the best reading. Not enough discrimina¬ 
tion is exercised in the purchase and read¬ 
ing of books. A clear guide is essential 
and The Book Lover, by Baldwin, is admir¬ 
ably suited to the needs of Lovers of books. 

The Course of Beading and Schemes for 
Practical Study, which it contains, are es¬ 
sential aids to one selecting books for the 
library. We had thought to name a few 
standard works of fiction, but concluded to 
recommend The Book Lover to the notice 
of the reader as especially serviceable to 
him in the difficult task of choosing books. 
I would add this, however, be sure to 
secure and read Ben Hur , by Lew Wallace; 
it is the greatest novel of the century and 
has an established place in popular favor. 

(l) Papers. 

Local Papers. 

Daily or Tri-weekly. 

It is not best to take too many papers, 
but those taken should be read. Surely 
one should be a regular subscriber for the 
local newspaper. In addition to this, if the 
local paper be not a daily, or tri-weekly, 
one should be taken. 

(m) Periodicals. 

The Book Buyer is a literary guide for busy 


106 


Appendix. 


people, bright, newsy and compact. It 
gives a summary of American and foreign 
literature. Just the monthly for the lite¬ 
rate. Published by Charles Scribner’s Sons, 
New York. 

The Century Magazine, undoubtedly, ranks 
first of all the able periodicals published in 
this country. Its fresh and entertaining- 
articles of a general character make it a 
delightful monthly visitor to the general 
reader. Published by The Centuiy Co., 
Union Square, New York. 


REMINGTON 


Standard Typewriter, 


Eight-Drawer Drop Cabinet. 



OYER 40,000 IN DAILY USE. 

ABSOLUTE SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. 

WYCKOFF, SEAMANS & BENEDICT, 

Chicago, Ill. 

OR, 

DAHLBERG, IRISH & CO., 

Des Moines, Iowa. 


























WOODRUFF’S 

Improved File Holders 

used on ordinary shelves or put up in 

CABINETS 

FOR FILE-ROOMS, OFFICES , DESKS , ETC 



To file Letters. 
V o 11 eh e r s, 
Briefs, Pamph¬ 
lets, or any oth¬ 
er form of pa¬ 
pers compactly 
a n d conveni¬ 
ently for refer¬ 
ence. They are 
used in all the 
departments of 
t h e National 
Government,in 
many State, 
C o u li t y and 
City offices, in 
Banks, Law of¬ 
fices and Lib¬ 
raries. and by 
business m e n 
generally. 

The File- 
holders can be 
made of any 
required size 
to fit shelves 
or put up in 
Cabinets con¬ 
taining any de¬ 
sired number. 
Made either 
with or without 
locking device. 
They are the 
simplest, most 
thoroughly 
practical a n d 
useful article 
for the purpose 
that are offered 
to the public, 
and the mate¬ 
rial and work¬ 
manship a r e 
the very best. 


IB . -W. WOODEUFF, 


(>G7 and. 6B9 Massachusetts Avenue, 

WASHiNCTON, D. C. 

108 


















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































